PPI network (data source: BioGrid)

Symbol A GeneA coding DNM count Symbol B GeneB coding DNM count Interaction detection method Publication Evidence
ELAVL1 0 BMI1 0 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009), Cao Q (2014) 2
TARDBP 4 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010), Jain S (2016) 2
RNF2 1 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
SFPQ 2 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
YTHDF2 0 AGL 4 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
MCM2 3 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
HNRNPH1 3 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007) 1
USP5 2 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
USP13 2 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
CUL3 17 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CUL3 17 MEPCE 1 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
RPA3 2 RPA2 0 biochemical, x-ray crystallography, biochemical, two hybrid, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology Bochkareva E (1998), Bochkareva E (2002), Havugimana PC (2012), Du Y (2009), Huttlin EL (2015), Wan C (2015), Huttlin EL (2017) 7
HIPK4 1 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Varjosalo M (2013) 1
BMI1 0 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
CUL3 17 RPA3 2 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CUL3 17 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
HNRNPA1 1 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007), Jeronimo C (2007), Close P (2012), Havugimana PC (2012), Roy R (2014), Wan C (2015), Hein MY (2015) 7
RPA2 0 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
FN1 17 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
EIF3A 4 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Kristensen AR (2012) 1
RPA1 0 SMAD3 1 two hybrid Wang J (2011) 1
HNRNPA1 1 HMBS 2 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
CAND1 2 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CFTR 5 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Wang X (2006), Pankow S (2015) 2
XPO1 8 SEPT7 0 affinity chromatography technology Kirli K (2015) 1
ELAVL1 0 SEPT7 0 affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009) 1
RPA1 0 RPA2 0 affinity chromatography technology, x-ray crystallography, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, biochemical, two hybrid, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Shao RG (1999), Bochkareva E (2002), Gong Z (2011), Havugimana PC (2012), Kristensen AR (2012), Ghospurkar PL (2014), Huttlin EL (2015), Wan C (2015), Hein MY (2015), Elia AE (2015), Elia AE (2015), Huttlin EL (2017), Feeney L (2017) 13
RNF2 1 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
ASPSCR1 3 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
VCAM1 2 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
NTRK1 1 ASPSCR1 3 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
VCAM1 2 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
CFTR 5 CAND1 2 affinity chromatography technology Wang X (2006) 1
CUL3 17 BMI1 0 affinity chromatography technology Hernandez-Munoz I (2005) 1
NTRK1 1 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
CAND1 2 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
OTUB1 0 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Scholz CC (2016) 1
RPL10 3 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Hein MY (2015) 1
RPA1 0 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
OTUB1 0 SMAD3 1 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, enzymatic study Herhaus L (2013), Herhaus L (2013), Herhaus L (2013) 3
TARDBP 4 EIF3H 3 affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010) 1
VCAM1 2 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
CFTR 5 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
ASPSCR1 3 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
RPS6KB2 3 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Roy R (2014) 1
USP5 2 AGL 4 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
FBXO6 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Liu B (2012) 1
VCAM1 2 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
MCM2 3 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 OTUB1 0 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
RPS6KB2 3 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, enzymatic study Roy R (2014), Roy R (2014), Roy R (2014), Roy R (2014) 4
USP5 2 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
ESR1 0 EPAS1 6 affinity chromatography technology, protein complementation assay, pull down Higashimura Y (2016), Higashimura Y (2016), Higashimura Y (2016) 3
ELAVL1 0 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009), Close P (2012), Roy R (2014), Hein MY (2015) 4
RPL10 3 MEPCE 1 affinity chromatography technology Hein MY (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
MEPCE 1 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007) 1
NTRK1 1 MCM2 3 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
ELAVL1 0 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009) 1
VCAM1 2 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
HNRNPA1 1 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
CFTR 5 SEPT7 0 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
RPA3 2 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
TARDBP 4 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
RPA2 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
CUL3 17 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
XPO1 8 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Kirli K (2015) 1
ELAVL1 0 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009) 1
RPA2 0 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
TARDBP 4 RNF2 1 two hybrid Hans F (2014) 1
NTRK1 1 RPA1 0 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
RPS6KB2 3 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Roy R (2014) 1
ASPSCR1 3 AGL 4 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
EIF3A 4 EIF3H 3 affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology Ewing RM (2007), Mayeur GL (2003), Block KL (1998), Sowa ME (2009), Havugimana PC (2012), Kristensen AR (2012), Huttlin EL (2015), Wan C (2015), Huttlin EL (2017) 9
YTHDF2 0 HMBS 2 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
POT1 2 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Giannone RJ (2010) 1
MEPCE 1 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007) 1
NTRK1 1 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
CFTR 5 DCTN1 6 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
BMI1 0 RNF2 1 biochemical, pull down, affinity chromatography technology, x-ray crystallography, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, two hybrid, biochemical, pull down, x-ray crystallography, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, pull down, pull down, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, pull down, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Cao R (2005), Cao R (2005), Ben-Saadon R (2006), Li Z (2006), Maertens GN (2009), Wei J (2006), Gao Z (2012), Gao Z (2012), Gao Z (2012), Gao Z (2012), Pan MR (2011), Pan MR (2011), Voncken JW (2005), Woodsmith J (2012), Voncken JW (2003), Woodsmith J (2012), Li Z (2006), Li Z (2006), McGinty RK (2014), Cao Q (2014), Cao Q (2014), Hein MY (2015), Balasubramanian S (2015), Taherbhoy AM (2015), Taherbhoy AM (2015), Abdouh M (2016), Sanchez A (2016), Wheaton K (2017), Hauri S (2016), Hauri S (2016) 30
ESR1 0 SFPQ 2 pull down Nalvarte I (2010) 1
POT1 2 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Giannone RJ (2010) 1
NTRK1 1 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
CFTR 5 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 CUL3 17 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
G3BP1 4 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Jain S (2016) 1
MCM2 3 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
HNRNPA1 1 EIF3H 3 affinity chromatography technology Roy R (2014) 1
CUL3 17 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
FN1 17 RPA2 0 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
EPAS1 6 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Steunou AL (2012) 1
RPA3 2 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
CAND1 2 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
FBXO6 0 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Liu B (2012) 1
RPA1 0 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
MCM2 3 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
FN1 17 MCM2 3 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
RNF2 1 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
FN1 17 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
DCTN1 6 YTHDF2 0 bioid Gupta GD (2015) 1
CFTR 5 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
MCM2 3 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
CEP19 0 YTHDF2 0 bioid Gupta GD (2015) 1
FN1 17 RPA1 0 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
CUL3 17 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
SMAD3 1 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
NTRK1 1 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
G3BP1 4 USP5 2 affinity chromatography technology Jain S (2016) 1
G3BP1 4 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
ESR1 0 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Tarallo R (2011) 1
NTRK1 1 USP5 2 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
ESR1 0 CUL3 17 affinity chromatography technology Byun B (2008) 1
RPL10 3 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Hein MY (2015) 1
VCAM1 2 MCM2 3 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
VCAM1 2 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
ESR1 0 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology, pull down Tarallo R (2011), Nalvarte I (2010) 2
FBXO6 0 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Liu B (2012) 1
XPO1 8 ESR1 0 affinity chromatography technology Castoria G (2012) 1
CAND1 2 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CAND1 2 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CUL3 17 APP 1 pull down, pull down Olah J (2011), Virok DP (2011) 2
B9D2 0 YTHDF2 0 bioid Gupta GD (2015) 1
CUL3 17 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
HNRNPA1 1 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007), Close P (2012), Freibaum BD (2010) 3
HNRNPA1 1 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Close P (2012), Roy R (2014) 2
FN1 17 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
CFTR 5 MCM2 3 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
RNF2 1 OTUB1 0 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
CUL3 17 RPA2 0 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
RPA3 2 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
G3BP1 4 EIF3H 3 affinity chromatography technology Jain S (2016) 1
BMI1 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
NTRK1 1 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
FBXO6 0 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Liu B (2012) 1
NTRK1 1 MEPCE 1 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
RPA1 0 MCM2 3 two hybrid, two hybrid, affinity chromatography technology Kneissl M (2003), Kneissl M (2003), Drissi R (2015) 3
RNF2 1 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
RPA3 2 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
YTHDF2 0 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
MEPCE 1 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007), Jeronimo C (2007), Huttlin EL (2015), Huttlin EL (2017) 4
RPA3 2 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
HNRNPA1 1 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical Close P (2012), Close P (2012), Wan C (2015) 3
ESR1 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Tarallo R (2011) 1
VCAM1 2 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
FBXO6 0 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Liu B (2012) 1
CUL3 17 AGL 4 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
RPL10 3 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Hein MY (2015) 1
SMAD3 1 EPAS1 6 imaging technique, two hybrid, imaging technique Chae KS (2011), Colland F (2004), Chen TC (2014) 3
G3BP1 4 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Jain S (2016) 1
SMAD3 1 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Brown KA (2008) 1
TARDBP 4 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010), Freibaum BD (2010) 2
TARDBP 4 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010) 1
MCM2 3 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
MCM2 3 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
VCAM1 2 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
ELAVL1 0 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009), Jain S (2016) 2
MCM2 3 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
ESR1 0 OTUB1 0 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, enzymatic study Stanisic V (2009), Stanisic V (2009), Stanisic V (2009) 3
CAND1 2 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
ELAVL1 0 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009) 1
RPA3 2 RPA1 0 biochemical, x-ray crystallography, affinity chromatography technology, biochemical, two hybrid, biochemical, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Bochkareva E (1998), Bochkareva E (2002), Gong Z (2011), Havugimana PC (2012), Du Y (2009), Wan C (2015), Hein MY (2015), Elia AE (2015) 8
TARDBP 4 EIF3A 4 affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010) 1
RNF2 1 APP 1 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
VCAM1 2 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
NTRK1 1 DCTN1 6 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
MCM2 3 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Drissi R (2015) 1
RPA3 2 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
ESR1 0 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Tarallo R (2011) 1
FN1 17 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
FN1 17 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
FN1 17 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
FN1 17 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
HNRNPA1 1 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007) 1
RNF2 1 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
CUL3 17 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
USP5 2 USP13 2 affinity chromatography technology Sowa ME (2009) 1
RPA1 0 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
RPA1 0 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
HMBS 2 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
EIF3H 3 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Kristensen AR (2012) 1
XPO1 8 EIF3H 3 affinity chromatography technology Kirli K (2015) 1
SEPT7 0 YTHDF2 0 biochemical Wan C (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 EIF3H 3 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
NTRK1 1 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
RNF2 1 RPA1 0 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
CEP19 0 USP5 2 bioid Gupta GD (2015) 1
OTUB1 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Scholz CC (2016) 1
BMI1 0 MEPCE 1 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
RPS6KB2 3 G3BP1 4 affinity chromatography technology Roy R (2014) 1
RPA3 2 MCM2 3 two hybrid Kneissl M (2003) 1
NTRK1 1 AGL 4 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
VCAM1 2 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
ELAVL1 0 EPAS1 6 affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009) 1
RPA2 0 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
RPA1 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
FN1 17 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
FN1 17 SFPQ 2 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
CAND1 2 MCM2 3 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CUL3 17 DCTN1 6 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
RPA2 0 APP 1 pull down Olah J (2011) 1
RPA2 0 MCM2 3 two hybrid Kneissl M (2003) 1
RPA1 0 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
MEPCE 1 CAND1 2 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007), Bennett EJ (2010) 2
BMI1 0 TARDBP 4 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
FBXO6 0 RPA1 0 affinity chromatography technology Liu B (2012) 1
XPO1 8 HNRNPA1 1 affinity chromatography technology Kirli K (2015) 1
CFTR 5 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Pankow S (2015) 1
RNF2 1 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
FN1 17 CAND1 2 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1
EPAS1 6 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Steunou AL (2012) 1
NTRK1 1 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
RPA2 0 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
NTRK1 1 CAND1 2 affinity chromatography technology Emdal KB (2015) 1
ELAVL1 0 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Abdelmohsen K (2009) 1
CAND1 2 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Bennett EJ (2010) 1
CUL3 17 CAND1 2 affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology, pull down, affinity chromatography technology, affinity chromatography technology Min KW (2003), Min KW (2003), Chua YS (2011), Chua YS (2011), Tron AE (2012), Choo YY (2011), Bennett EJ (2010), Bennett EJ (2010), Schumacher FR (2015), Schumacher FR (2015), Lo SC (2006), Lo SC (2006) 12
TARDBP 4 ELAVL1 0 affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010) 1
TARDBP 4 YTHDF2 0 affinity chromatography technology Freibaum BD (2010) 1
RNF2 1 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Cao Q (2014) 1
SMAD3 1 ESR1 0 affinity chromatography technology Ito I (2010) 1
MEPCE 1 XPO1 8 affinity chromatography technology Jeronimo C (2007) 1
RPA2 0 HNRNPH1 3 affinity chromatography technology Marechal A (2014) 1
FN1 17 RPL10 3 affinity chromatography technology Humphries JD (2009) 1