Entrez ID	Official symbol	Synonyms	Description	Location	Type of protein	External annotation
375611	SLC26A5	DFNB61, PRES	solute carrier family 26 member 5	7q22.1	protein-coding	Genecard

uniprot_summary

refseq_summary

Motor protein that converts auditory stimuli to length changes in outer hair cells and mediates sound amplification in the mammalian hearing organ. Prestin is a bidirectional voltage-to-force converter, it can operate at microsecond rates. It uses cytoplasmic anions as extrinsic voltage sensors, probably chloride and bicarbonate. After binding to a site with millimolar affinity, these anions are translocated across the membrane in response to changes in the transmembrane voltage. They move towards the extracellular surface following hyperpolarization, and towards the cytoplasmic side in response to depolarization. As a consequence, this translocation triggers conformational changes in the protein that ultimately alter its surface area in the plane of the plasma membrane. The area decreases when the anion is near the cytoplasmic face of the membrane (short state), and increases when the ion has crossed the membrane to the outer surface (long state). So, it acts as an incomplete transporter. It swings anions across the membrane, but does not allow these anions to dissociate and escape to the extracellular space. Salicylate, an inhibitor of outer hair cell motility, acts as competitive antagonist at the prestin anion-binding site.

This gene encodes a member of the SLC26A/SulP transporter family. The protein functions as a molecular motor in motile outer hair cells (OHCs) of the cochlea, inducing changes in cell length that act to amplify sound levels. The transmembrane protein is an incomplete anion transporter, and does not allow anions to cross the cell membrane but instead undergoes a conformational change in response to changes in intracellular Cl- levels that results in a change in cell length. The protein functions at microsecond rates, which is several orders of magnitude faster than conventional molecular motor proteins. Mutations in this gene are potential candidates for causing neurosensory deafness. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Flase

Caregory	Description	Value	Value range ( Low - High )	Comment
PLI	The probability of being loss-of-function (LoF) intolerant	0.001	[0, ..., 1]	Genes with high pLI scores (pLI ≥ 0.9) are extremely LoF intolerant, whereby genes with low pLI scores (pLI ≤ 0.1) are LoF tolerant. The score is calculated based on high-quality exome sequence data (ExAC) for 60,706 individuals of diverse ethnicities.
Haploinsufficiency (HI) score rank	Predicted probability of exhibiting haploinsufficiency		[100, ..., 1]	High ranks (e.g. 0-10%) indicate a gene is more likely to exhibit haploinsufficiency, low ranks (e.g. 90-100%) indicate a gene is more likely to NOT exhibit haploinsufficiency (DECIPHER, PMID: 20976243). haploinsufficiency means a single functional copy of a gene is insufficient to maintain its normal function and is extremely intolerant of LoF variation.
Gene brain expressed	Queried gene is expressed in brain tissues	True	[False, True]	The gene expression data are extracted from GTEx v7 and BrainSpan. A gene with the expression value of (log 2 based (TPM+1)) at least 1 TPM/RPKM/FPKM in one or more tissues related to the brain is considered brain-expressed.
Protein brain expressed	Queried protein is expressed in brain tissues	[False, True]	The protein expression data are extracted from ProteomicsDB (v2018.09). A protein with the expression value of (log based 10 (iBAQ intensity)) at least 0.5 in one or more tissues related to the brain is considered brain-expressed protein.
Carrying LoF DNMs	Number of loss-of-function DNMs hit the queried gene	0 (Case)	[0, ..., 67] with average of 0.160	Loss of function (LoF) mutations include frameshift indels, nonsense (stop-gained) and splice-site mutations, which can result in the gene product having less or no function and can have deleterious consequences.
		0 (Control)	[0, ..., 6] with average of 0.044
Carrying missense DNMs	Number of missense DNMs hit the queried gene	2 (Case)	[0, ..., 55] with average of 0.846	Missense mutations can result in changes in protein sequences, but are commonly considered to have less deleterious impacts than LoF mutations.
		0 (Control)	[0, ..., 21] with average of 0.300
FMRP binding targets	FMRP inteacting parters	False	[False, True]	FMRP loss of function causes Fragile X syndrome (FXS). The binding targets identified crosslinking immunoprecipitation (HITS-CLIP) in mouse brains (PMID:21784246). Many FMRP targets are among genes implicated in different neuropsychiatric diseases, such as autism, schizophrenia.
Postsynaptic density (PSD)	Protein associates with postsynaptic membranes of excitatory synapses	False	[False, True]	Abnormalities with PSD proteins are linked to various neuropsychiatric diseases including neurodevelopmental disorders.
Human essential genes	-	False	[False, True]	Genes are thought to be critical for human survival.